G-Code Cheatsheet
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G Codes
| G Code | Description |
|---|---|
| G0 | Rapid Linear Motion |
| G1 | Linear Feed |
| G2 | CW Arc Feed |
| G3 | CCW Arc Feed |
| G4 | Dwell |
| G5.1 | Quadratic B-Spline |
| G5.2 G5.3 | NURBs Block |
| G7 | Diameter Mode (lathe) |
| G8 | Radius Mode (lathe) |
| G10 L1 | Set Tool Table Entry |
| G10 L10 | Set Tool Table, Calculated, Workpiece |
| G10 L11 | Set Tool Table, Calculated, Fixture |
| G10 L2 | Coordinate System Origin Setting |
| G10 L20 | Coordinate System Origin Setting Calculated |
| G17 | XY Plane |
| G18 | ZX Plane |
| G19 | YZ Plane |
| G17.1 | UV Plane |
| G18.1 | WU Plane |
| G19.1 | VW Plan |
| G20 | Inch Units |
| G21 | Millimeter Units |
| G28 | Go to Predefined Position |
| G28.1 | Store Current Absolute Position for G28 |
| G30 | Go to Predefined Position |
| G30.1 | Store Current Absolute Position for G30 |
| G33 | Spindle Synchronized Motion |
| G33.1 | Rigid Tapping |
| G38.2 – G38.5 | Probing |
| G38.2 | Probe toward workpiece, stop on contact, signal error if failure |
| G38.3 | Probe toward workpiece, stop on contact |
| G38.4 | Probe away from workpiece, stop on loss of contact, signal error if failure |
| G38.5 | Probe away from workpiece, stop on loss of contact |
| G40 | Cutter Compensation Cancel |
| G41 | Cutter Compensation Left of Path |
| G42 | Cutter Compensation Right of Path |
| G41.1 | Dynamic Cutter Compensation Left of Path |
| G42.1 | Dynamic Cutter Compensation Right of Path |
| G43 | Tool Length Offset |
| G43.1 | Dynamic Tool Length Offset |
| G49 | Cancel Tool Length Offset |
| G53 | Motion in Machine Coordinate System |
| G54 | Select Coordinate System 1 |
| G55 | Select Coordinate System 2 |
| G56 | Select Coordinate System 3 |
| G57 | Select Coordinate System 4 |
| G58 | Select Coordinate System 5 |
| G59 | Select Coordinate System 6 |
| G59.1 | Select Coordinate System 7 |
| G59.2 | Select Coordinate System 8 |
| G59.3 | Select Coordinate System 9 |
| G61 | Exact Path Mode (Path Control Mode) |
| G61.1 | Exact Path Mode (Path Control Mode) |
| G64 | Path Control Mode with Optional Tolerance |
| G73 | Drilling Cycle with Chip Breaking |
| G76 | Multi-pass Threading Cycle (Lathe) |
| G80 | Cancel Canned Cycle |
| G81 | Drilling Cycle |
| G82 | Drilling Cycle with Dwell |
| G83 | Peck Drilling Cycle |
| G85 | Boring Cycle, Feed Out |
| G86 | Boring Cycle, Spindle Stop, Rapid Out |
| G89 | Boring Cycle, Dwell, Feed Out |
| G90 | Absolute Distance Mode |
| G91 | Incremental Distance Mode |
| G90.1 | Absolute Distance Mode for Arc (I, J & K offsets) |
| G91.1 | Incremental Distance Mode for Arc (I, J & K offsets) |
| G92 | Coordinate System Offset |
| G92.1 | Cancel Coordinate System Offsets |
| G92.2 | Cancel Coordinate System Offsets |
| G92.3 | Restore Axis Offsets |
| G93 | Inverse Time Mode |
| G94 | Units per Minute Mode |
| G95 | Units per Revolution Mode |
| G96 | Constant Surface Speed |
| G97 | RPM Mode |
| G98 | Retract to Start Position (Canned Cycle Z Retract Mode) |
| G99 | Retract to R Position (Canned Cycle Z Retract Mode) |
M Codes
| M Code | Description |
|---|---|
| M0 M1 | Program Pause |
| M2 M30 | Program End |
| M60 | Pallet Change Pause |
| M3 M4 M5 | Spindle Control |
| M6 | Tool Change |
| M7 M8 M9 | Coolant Control |
| M48 M49 | Feed / Spindle Overrides Enable/Disable |
| M50 | Feed Override Control |
| M51 | Spindle Override Control |
| M52 | Adaptive Feed Control |
| M53 | Feed Stop Control |
| M61 | Set Current Tool Number |
| M62-M65 | Output Control |
| M66 | Input Control |
| M67 | Analog Output Control |
| M68 | Analog Output Control |
| M100-M199 | User Defined M codes |
Binary Operators
| Operator | Description |
|---|---|
| Addition | |
| Subtraction | |
| * | Multiplication |
| / | Division |
| OR | Non-exclusive or |
| XOR | Exclusive or |
| AND | Logical and |
| MOD | Modulus operation |
| ** | Power operation |
| EQ | Equality (EQ) |
| NE | Inequality (NE) |
| GT | Strictly greater than |
| GE | Greater than or equal to |
| LT | Strictly less than |
| LE | Less than or equal to |
Functions
| Function Name | Function Result |
|---|---|
| ATAN[Y]/[X] | Four quadrant inverse tangent |
| ABS[arg] | Absolute value |
| ACOS[arg] | Inverse cosine |
| ASIN[arg] | Inverse sine |
| COS[arg] | Cosine |
| EXP[arg] | e raised to the given power |
| FIX[arg] | Round down to integer |
| FUP[arg] | Round up to integer |
| ROUND[arg] | Round to nearest integer |
| LN[arg] | Base-e logarithm |
| SIN[arg] | Sine |
| SQRT[arg] | Square Root |
| TAN[arg] | Tangent |
| EXISTS[arg] | Check named Parameter |
Words Letters
| Letter | Meaning |
|---|---|
| A | A axis of machine |
| B | B axis of machine |
| C | C axis of machine |
| D | Tool radius compensation number |
| F | Feed rate |
| G | General function (See table Modal Groups) |
| H | Tool length offset index |
| I | X offset for arcs and G87 canned cycles |
| J | Y offset for arcs and G87 canned cycles |
| K | Z offset for arcs and G87 canned cycles.Spindle-Motion Ratio for G33 synchronized movements. |
| M | Miscellaneous function (See table Modal Groups) |
| N | Line number |
| P | Dwell time in canned cycles and with G4.Key used with G10. |
| Q | Feed increment in G73, G83 canned cycles |
| R | Arc radius or canned cycle plane |
| S | Spindle speed |
| T | Tool selection |
| U | U axis of machine |
| V | V axis of machine |
| W | W axis of machine |
| X | X axis of machine |
| Y | Y axis of machine |
| Z | Z axis of machine |
| / | Block delete |
| () | Comments |
| ; | Comments |
| MSG, | Messages |
Common Error Messages
G code out of range
A G code greater than G99 was used, the scope of G codes in LinuxCNC is 0 – 99. Not every number between 0 and 99 is a valid G code.
Unknown g code used
A G code was used that is not part of the LinuxCNC G code language.
i,j,k word with no Gx to use it
i, j and k words must be used on the same line as the G code.
Cannot use axis values without a g code that uses them
Axis values can not be used on a line without either a modal G code in effect or a G code on the same line.
File ended with no percent sign or program end
Every G code file must end in a M2 or M30 or be wrapped with the percent sign %.